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SwedenNaturklagenævnet
national definition:Naturklagenævnet (under Miljøministeriet) er et uafhængigt, domstolslignende organ, der er klageinstans for afgørelser efter planloven (samt en række andre love om regulering af fast ejendom, bl.a. naturbeskyttelsesloven, råstofloven, skovloven, sommerhusloven og kolonihaveloven). Naturklagenævnet er desuden overordnet myndighed i fredningssager.
Naturklagenævnet består af en formand (udpeges af miljøministeren), to højesteretsdommere samt et antal politiske medlemmer, udpeget af hvert af de partier som er repræsenteret i Folketingets Finansudvalg.
Naturklagenævnets afgørelser kan ikke indklages for Miljøministeren eller andre administrative myndigheder, men kan kun prøves ved domstolene.
I plansager kan der kun klages over retlige spørgsmål, dvs. om kommunerne følger planlovens regler og om der er hjemmel til en afgørelse. Man kan derimod ikke klage over planens indhold – det er et politisk ansvar, som er placeret hos de folkevalgte kommunalbestyrelser og regionsråd. I landzonesager og ekspropriationssager kan kommunens afvejning af de forskellige hensyn dog også prøves ved Naturklagenævnet.
Nature Protection Board of Appeal
english definition:The Nature Protection Board of Appeal (under the Ministry of the Environment) is an independent quasi-juridical organ that hears appeal cases and decides matters in accordance with the Planning Act (and several other acts regulating real property, such as the Protection of Nature Act, the Raw Materials Act, the Forest Act, the Summer Cottages Act and the Allotment Gardens Act). Further, the Board is the supreme authority in nature conservation cases.
The Nature Protection Board of Appeal has a chairperson appointed by the Minister of the Environment, two Supreme Court justices and one member appointed by each of the political parties represented in the Finance Committee of the Folketing.
The Board’s decisions may not be appealed to the Minister for the Environment or other administrative authorities and may only be appealed to the courts.
In planning cases, only legal questions may be appealed. This means whether the municipal or regional council has complied with the rules of the Planning Act and whether it has the legal authority to make the decision. The content of the plan may not be appealed. This is a political responsibility delegated to the popularly elected municipal and regional councils. Nevertheless, the municipality’s balancing of various considerations related to rural zone administration may be appealed to the Board.
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