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national term:

regionalplanlægning/
regionalplan

national definition:

Indtil 31.12.2006 var regionplanen den sammenfattende, oversigtlige plantype på regionaltniveau.
Indtil 31.12.2006 var følgende politiske myndigheder ansvarlige for regionplanlægningen: Hovedstadens Udviklingsråd, Bornholms Kommunalbestyrelsesamt hvert af de 10 amtsråd i den øvrige del af landet. Med kommunalreformen er amterne og Hovedstadens Udviklingsråd nedlagt pr.31.12.2006. Landet er i stedet inddelt i 5 nye regioner, og ifølge den nye planlov skal hver region udarbejde en regional udviklingsplan (se ovenfor). Hovedparten af amternes og Hovedstadens Udviklingsråds hidtidige planopgaver for det åbneland varetages fremover af kommunerne og staten. Retningslinierne i de senest vedtagne regionplaner (2005) afløses i de kommende år af retningslinier i
  • De nye kommuneplaner, og
  • Landsplanlægningen.
De eksisterende regionplaner (2005) vil have retlig status som landsplandirektiver, indtil der er vedtaget nye kommuneplaner med mål, principper og retningslinier for udviklingen i det åbne land. I 2007 foreligger 12 vedtagne regionplaner - og for øen Bornholm en såkaldt region- og kommuneplan. Planerne dækker tilsammen hele landets areal.
 
Efterfølgende tekst gælder for de 12 regionplaner samt region- og kommuneplanen for Bornholm vedtaget i 2005.
Regionplanen konkretiserede de nationale mål ogretningslinier for den regionale udvikling og udviklingen i det åbne land. Planen fastlagde desuden de regionale mål og retningslinier for udviklingen i regionens område. Planens retningslinier dannede grundlag for regulering af arealanvendelsen i det åbne land og fastlagde rammer for kommunernes planlægning. Planenomfattede en periode på 12 år.
Planen skulle revideres hvert 4. år. Der var to debatperioder - først om hovedspørgsmålene i den forestående planlægning, derefter om selve forslaget til regionplan. Regionplanen skulle indeholde retningslinier for arealanvendelsen i regionen og en redegørelse for planens forudsætninger. De centrale emner var byudvikling og placering af regionale funktioner, overordnet trafik- og infrastruktur, natur- og miljøbeskyttelse samt fritidsanlæg og turisme. Planen var resultat af en samlet afvejning ogprioritering af mange forskellige hensyn og interesser. Planen var desuden udgangspunkt for administration af en række sektorlove og planlovensbestemmelser for landzonen.
Regionplanen måtte ikke stride mod regler eller beslutninger af landsplanmæssig betydning, en vandplan, en Natura 2000-plan eller en Natura2000-skovplan. Regionplanen skulle på grundlag af en samlet vurdering af udviklingen i planens geografiske område indeholde retningslinier for:
  • Arealudlæg til byzoner og sommerhusområder,
  • Beliggenheden af større offentlige institutioner samt større trafikanlæg og andre større tekniske anlæg,
  • Beliggenheden af virksomhed mv., hvortil der af hensyn til forebyggelse af forurening må stilles særlige beliggenhedskrav,
  • VVM-pligtige anlæg,
  • Den regionale detailhandelsstruktur,
  • Varetagelsen af de jordbrugsmæssige interesser, herunder udpegningen og sikringen af de særlig værdifulde landbrugsområder,
  • Beliggenheden af skovrejsningsområder og områder, hvor skovtilplantning er uønsket,
  • Varetagelsen af bevaringsværdier og naturbeskyttelsesinteresser i det åbne land, herunder udpegningen og sikringen af naturområder med særlige naturbeskyttelsesinteresser,
  • Beliggenheden af lavbundsarealer, der kan genoprettes som vådområder,
  • Beliggenheden af arealer til fritidsformål,
  • Anvendelsen af arealer til udnyttelse af sten, grus og andre naturforekomster i jorden,
  • Anvendelsen af vandløb, søer og kystvande og
  • Realiseringen af regler eller beslutninger af landsplanmæssig betydning. 
I hovedstadsområdet skulle regionplanlægningen udføres på grundlag af en vurdering af udviklingen i området som helhed, og Hovedstadens Udviklingsråd skulle yderligere fastsætte retningslinjer for
  • Fordelingen af den fremtidige byggeaktivitet i byzone og rækkefølgen herfor,
  • Vandforsyningen og spildevandsafledningen og
  • Antallet af kolonihaver og deres placering.
Regionplanens retningslinier for ovenstående obligatoriske temaer var bindende for kommunernes planlægning. Amtsråd, Hovedstadens Udviklingsråd og kommunalbestyrelser skulle virke for gennemførelse af retningslinierne for de obligatoriske temaer, herunder ved udøvelse af beføjelser i medfør af lovgivningen - og deres planlægning og anlægsvirksomhed måtte ikke stride imod retningslinierne.
Regionplanen kunne indeholde retningslinier for andre forhold, men det var i så fald frivilligt for kommunerne om de ville følge dem.
Regionplanen skulle ledsages af en redegørelse for planens forudsætninger, herunder rækkefølgen for planens gennemførelse, samt for den hidtil udførte planlægning og administration. Redegørelsen skulle også indeholde oplysning om de bestemmelser i vandplanen, Natura 2000-planen og Natura 2000-skovplanen, som er relevante for planlægningen af arealanvendelsen inden for regionplanens geografiske område.
Redegørelsen for den del af regionplanen, som indeholder retningslinier for VVM-pligtige anlæg, skulle indeholde en vurdering af de miljømæssige konsekvenser. Redegørelsen for den del af regionplanen, som indeholder retningslinjer for butiksstørrelser, skulle indeholde oplysning om særlige planlægningsmæssige begrundelser for fastsættelse af eventuelle butiksstørrelser på mere end 3.000 m2 bruttoetageareal for dagligvarebutikker eller 1.500 m2 bruttoetageareal for udvalgsvarebutikker.
Regionplanmyndigheden skulle tilvejebringeregionale retningslinjer for kystnærhedszonen og skulle i den forbindelse gennemgå de allerede godkendte eller vedtagne, uudnyttede arealreservationer i kystnærhedszonen og ophævede reservationer, som ikke var aktuelle.
På et kortbilag til redegørelsen skulle de eksisterende og planlagte forhold i kystnærhedszonen vises, herunder hvilke områder der friholdes for bebyggelse. Redegørelsen skulle endvidere beskrive den fremtidige udvikling i kystnærhedszonen og de tilgrænsende vandområder.


english term:

regional planning/ 
regional plan

english definition:

Until 31 December 2006, the regional plan was the coherent, overall planning type at the regional level.
Until 31 December 2006, the following political authorities were responsible for regional planning: the Greater Copenhagen Authority, the Bornholm Municipal Council and each of the 10 county councils in the remaining parts of the country. The local government reform that entered into force on 1 January 2007 abolished the counties and the Greater Copenhagen Authority. Denmark is now divided into five administrative regions, and each new region must prepare a regional spatial development plan.The 98 new municipalities and the state have taken on most of the former planning tasks of the county councils and the Greater Copenhagen Authority regarding rural districts.
The guidelines in the most recent regional plans adopted in 2005 will be replaced by guidelines in:
  • the new municipal plans; and
  • national planning.
The existing regional plans from 2005 have been given legal status as national planning directives until the new municipalities and regions adopt the new municipal plans with new objectives, principles and guidelines for development in rural areas. In 2007, 12 adopted regional plans are in force - and for the island of Bornholm, a regional and municipal plan. Together these plans comprise a nationwide framework for planning.
 
The following text applies to the 12 regional plansadopted in 2005 and the regional and municipal plan for Bornholm.The regional plan concretized the national objectives and guidelines for regional development and development in rural areas. The regional plan also established the overall objectives and guidelines for development in the region. The guidelines of the plan were the basis for the regulation of land use in rural areas and established a framework for municipal planning. The plan covered a period of 12 years. The regional plans were revised every 4 years. There were two periods of public comment - one concerning the major issues in the planning to be conducted and thereafter one concerning the regional plan proposal. The regional plans contained guidelines for land use in the region and a report on the premises of the plan.The key topics were urban development and the location of regional functions, overall transport and infrastructure, nature and environmental protection as well as recreational facilities and tourism. The regional plan was a result of comprehensive weighing and priority-setting among many different considerations and interests. Further, the regional plan formed the basis for the administration of several sector acts and the Planning Act's provisions for rural zones. The regional plans were prohibited from contradicting provisions or decisions of national planning interest, a water resources plan, a Natura 2000 plan or a Natura 2000 forest plan. Based on an overall assessment of development in the geographical area covered by the plan, the regional plans had to provide guidelines for:
  • the designation of areas as urban zones and summer cottage areas;
  • the location of large public institutions, major transport facilities and other large technical facilities;
  • the location of enterprises, etc. that require special siting to prevent pollution;
  • projects requiring environmental impact assessment;
  • the regional structure of retail trade;
  • administering agricultural interests, including designating and protecting especially valuable agricultural areas;
  • the location of afforestation areas and areas where afforestation is not desired;
  • the administration of conservation-worthy assets and natural qualities worthy of conservation in the open country, including the designation and protection of nature reserves with special natural qualities;
  • the location of low-lying areas that can be reestablished as wetlands;
  • the location of areas to be used for recreation;
  • the use of land for the exploitation of stone, gravel and other natural resources in the ground;
  • the use and protection of water resources, including the designation of particularly valuable drinking-water abstraction areas, valuable drinking-water abstraction areas and drinking-water abstraction areas of limited value, vulnerable drinking-water abstraction areas and priority drinking-water areas and the setting of priorities among them;
  • the quality of water in and use of watercourses, lakes and coastal waters; and
  • the realization of regulations or decisions of national planning interest. 
In Greater Copenhagen, regional planning was carried out based on an assessment of development in the area as a whole, and the Greater Copenhagen Authority further established guidelines for:
  1. the distribution of future construction activity in urban zones and the chronological order for this;
  2. water supply and wastewater removal; and
  3. the number and location of allotment gardens.
The regional plan's guidelines for these mandatory themes were binding for the municipalities' planning. County councils, the Greater Copenhagen Authority and municipal councils had to act to implement the guidelines of the mandatory themes, including by exercising their authority in accordance with legislation - and their planning and construction activity were prohibited from contradicting the guidelines.
The regional plans were permitted to contain guidelines for other matters. If they did, it was voluntary for the municipalities to follow these guidelines.
The regional plans were accompanied by a report describing the premises on which the plans were based, including the anticipated chronological order for implementing the plan and the previously implemented planning and administration. The report also contained information on the regulations set by the water resources plan, the Natura 2000 plan and the Natura 2000 forest plan relevant for planning land use within the region. The part of the regional planning report that contained
guidelines for projects requiring environmental impact assessment included an assessment of the likely environmental effects. The part of the report of the regional plan that contained guidelines for the sizes of retail shops contained information on special reasons based on planning considerations for the establishment of any shop sizes exceeding 3000 m2 of gross floor space for general goods or 1500 m2 of gross floor space for specialized goods.
The regional planning authority produced regional guidelines for the coastal zone. The regional planning authority in this connection had to examine the previously approved or adopted but not used reservations of land in the coastal zone and revoke the reservations that are not current. A map appended to the report had to show the existing and planned conditions in the coastal zone, including which areas are to be kept free of development. The report also had to describe the future development in the coastal zone and the adjacent waters.



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