Stadt
national definition:
Eine Stadt ist eine Gemeinde, der vom Land das Recht verliehen wurde, den
Titel „Stadt“ zu tragen. Im Gegensatz zum historischen Stadtrecht besitzt
dieser Titel heute nur noch geringe rechtliche Bedeutung. Als Schwellenwert für
die Verleihung des Stadttitels kann in den meisten Bundesländern eine
Einwohnerzahl von etwa 10.000 angenommen werden.
Die Städte in Deutschland unterscheiden sich jedoch erheblich hinsichtlich
ihrer rechtlichen Stellung. Es gibt:
In der
von Eurostat entwickelten, in Europa verwendeten, Systematik der Gebietseinheiten
für die Statistik (NUTS) entsprechen die 3 Stadtstaaten der Bundesrepublik
Deutschland der Klassifikationsebene NUTS 1 und die 114 kreisfreien Städte der
Ebene NUTS 3. adapted from: Schmidt-Eichstaedt, Gerd: Städtebaurecht, Einführung und Handbuch, Stuttgart 2005.
city, town
english definition:A “Stadt” is an urban community – city or town – to which the state has granted the right to bear the name. Unlike the status granted by historical city charters, this title has little legal significance. The threshold population for "Stadt" status in most states is about 10,000.
However, the legal status of towns and cities in Germany varies considerably.
- The “amtsangehörige Gemeinde” is a municipality forming part of an administrative association of municipalities. Such communities have transferred their autonomous rights almost entirely to the association (variously termed “Amt,” “Samtgemeinde,” “Verbandsgemeinde”). A "Stadt" belonging to such an association is the exception.
- The “kreisangehörige Stadt” and “kreisangehörige Gemeinde”, are municipalities belonging to a county (Kreis or Landkreis), which performs many municipal functions on their behalf.
- The “kreisangehörige Stadt” and “kreisangehörige Gemeinde” with special status. These muncipalities subsumed under counties can perform certain functions of the county if they have a certain population level (between 20,000 and 60,000, depending on the state). From state to state they bear different titles, such as "große Kreisstadt" (major county town), “Sonderstatusstadt” (special status city), and the like.
- The “kreisfreie Stadt,” (county-free city, independent city, or county borough) a city that constitutes a county in its own right. In addition to municipal functions, it performs all county functions itself. The average minimum population for county-free cities is about 100,000, although the figure is much lower in some states and higher in others. 114 cities in German have county-free status (status 2003).
- The “Stadtstaat” (city state), cities which are also states of the federation. In city states, the authorities handle not only municipal and county tasks but also those of a state government. Berlin, Hamburg, and Bremen are city states.

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